Last

Last is either an ordinal or adverb. It refers to anything or anyone that comes at the end of a series.

1. Last is the opposite of first

1.1. As an ordinal

The HR manager was the last of the staff to leave the office. (other staff left before the HR manager)

1.2. As an adverb

Because of his health, my brother gratuated last.

2. Last precedes nouns of time

When last precedes nouns of time, it means "the most recent" or "the one before this". Remember that there is no the before last.
Example: last night, last Monday, last week, last month, last year

3. Last contrasts with this and next

Example: Last month was November, this month is December, and next month will be January.

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