Determiner

 A noun usually has to have a determiner in front of it. For example, my father, the book, a window, etc. 

The most common determiners in English are the definite article [the] and the indefinite article [a or an].

Determiners also precede other words which precede a noun, for example, adjectives and numbers: the big box, our two dogs, etc.

Let's see some examples in the table below.

determiner	modifiers (optional)	headword
another	(very interesting)	story
my	(elder)	brother
some	(important) (new)	information
such	(tiny) (mobile)	phones
the	(whole)	world
these	(city)	buses

1. Determiners which go with different types of noun

1.1. Definite

kinds of determiner	with countable nouns		with uncountable nouns
	singular	plural	singular
definite article	the book	the books	the coffee
Possessives	my book	my books	my coffee
Possessive nouns	Sam's book	Sam's books	Sam's coffee
Demonstratives	this book that book	these books those books	this coffee that coffee

1.2. Indefinite

kinds of determiner	with countable nouns		with uncountable nouns
	singular	plural	singular
indefinite article	a book	~ books*	~ coffee*
Quantiy words (general) (without comparison)	all the book**	all books	all coffee
	any book**	any books	any coffee
	no book	no books	no coffee
	some book**	some books	some coffee
	every book	-	-
	each book	-	-
	either book	-	-
	neither book	-	-
	one book	-	-
	another book	-	-
	-	both books	-
	-	several books	-
	-	enough books	enough coffee
Quantiy words (with comparison)	-	many books	much coffee
	-	more books	more coffee
	-	most books	most coffee
	-	(a) few books	(a) little coffee
	-	fewer*** books	less coffee
	-	fewest*** books	least coffee

The words within the heavy boxes in the table do not change their forms. They stay the same whatever kind of noun follows.

Notes:
* The signal ~ is used to identify that the indefinite article is absent before plural or uncountable nouns. It's called Zero Article.

** All, any and some are less common with singular countable nouns. Thye have special uses in this position.

*** Sometimes we use less and least instead of fewer and fewest.

1.3. Wh- words

kinds of determiner	with countable nouns		with uncountable nouns
	singular	plural	singular
For expressing attitudes	such a book! what a book!	such books! what books!	such coffee! what coffee!
For asking questions (possissive)	what book? which book? whose book?	what books? which books? whose books?	what coffee? which coffee? whose coffee?
Wh-ever words	whatever book whichever book	whatever books whichever books	whatever coffee whichever coffee

2. Useful rules

If there is more than one determiner, please follow these rules:
1. Place all and both in front of other determiners.
Ex:
They ate all the food.
Both our children are at school.

2. Place what and such in front of a or an in exclamations.
Ex:
What an awful car!
I've never seen such a crowd!

3. Place many, much, more, most, few, little after other determiners.
Ex:
Her many successes made her famous.
We have no more food.
What little money they have is mine.

I hope this article helps. If you have any question, please leave a comment below.