1. How to pronounce their names
| capital letter | small letter | pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| A | a | /eɪ/ |
| B | b | /biː/ |
| C | c | /siː/ |
| D | d | /diː/ |
| E | e | /iː/ |
| F | f | /ef/ |
| G | g | /dʒiː/ |
| H | h | /eɪtʃ/ |
| I | i | /aɪ/ |
| J | j | /dʒeɪ/ |
| K | k | /keɪ/ |
| L | l | /el/ |
| M | m | /em/ |
| N | n | /en/ |
| O | o | UK: /əʊ/; US: /oʊ/ |
| P | p | /piː/ |
| Q | q | /kjuː/ |
| R | r | UK: /ɑːr / ; US: /ɑːr/ |
| S | s | /es/ |
| T | t | /tiː/ |
| U | u | /juː/ |
| V | v | /viː/ |
| W | w | /ˈdʌb.əl.juː/ |
| X | x | /eks/ |
| Y | y | /waɪ/ |
| Z | z | UK: /zed/ ; US: /ziː/ |
2. Consonant letters
b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, x, z.
3. Vowel letters
a, e,* i, o, u
* Note that e is normally silent at the end of a word: for example, leave /liːv/.
4. Consonant-and-vowel letters
w and y are consonant letters when they come before a vowel letter: want, yet, backward. But they are vowel letters when they come after another vowel letter*: cow, day, law, boy. Also, y is a vowel when it follows a consonant letter: cry, silly, really.
* Between vowel letters, w and y are consonant letters when the following syllable is stressed: awake, beyond. But they are vowel letters when the syllable before them is stressed: showing, player.
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