Many of the most common main verbs in English are irregular. This means that they form their past tense form and past participle form in a different way from the regular -ed ending.
Most auxilliary verbs in English are irregular.
List of some irregular verbs:
Present | Past | Past participle |
---|---|---|
alight | alit/alighted | alit/alighted |
arise | arose | arisen |
awake | awoke | awoken |
be (am/is/are) | was/were | been |
bear | bore | borne |
beat | beat | beat |
become | became | become |
begin | began | begun |
bend | bent | bent |
bet | bet/betted | bet/betted |
bid | bid/bade | bid/bidden |
bide | bade/bided | bided |
bind | bound | bound |
bite | bit | betten |
bleed | bled | bled |
bless | blest/blessed | blest/blessed |
blow | blew | blown |
break | broke | broken |
breed | bred | bred |
bring | brought | brought |
broadcast | broadcast/broadcasted | broadcast/broadcasted |
build | built | built |
burn | burnt/burned | burnt/burned |
buy | bought | bought |
can | could | no participle (been able to)* |
cast | cast | cast |
catch | caught | caught |
choose | chose | chosen |
cling | clung | clung |
come | came | come |
cost | cost | cost |
creep | crept | crept |
crow | crowed | crew/crowed |
cut | cut | cut |
dig | dug | dug |
do | did | done |
draw | drew | drawn |
dream | dreamt/dreamed | dreamt/dreamed |
drink | drank | drunk |
drive | drove | driven |
dwell | dwelt/dwelled | dwelt/dwelled |
fall | fell | fallen |
feed | fed | fed |
feel | felt | felt |
find | found | found |
flee | fled | fled |
fly | flew | flown |
forbid | forbade | forbidden |
forecast | forecast, forecasted | forecast, forecasted |
forget | forgot | forgotten |
forgive | forgave | forgiven |
forsake | forsook | forsaken |
freeze | froze | frozen |
get | got | got (American English: gotten) |
give | gave | given |
go | went | gone |
grind | ground | ground |
grip | gript/gripped | gript/gripped |
grow | grew | grown |
hang | hung/hanged | hung/hanged |
have | had | had |
hear | heard | heard |
hide | hid | hidden |
hit | hit | hit |
hold | held | held |
hurt | hurt | hurt |
keep | kept | kept |
kneel | knelt/kneeled | knelt/kneeled |
knit | knit/knitted | knit/knitted |
know | knew | known |
lay | laid | laid |
lead | led | led |
leap | leapt/leaped | leapt/leaped |
learn | earnt/learned | earnt/learned |
leave | left | left |
lend | lent | lent |
let | let | let |
lie | lay | lain |
light | lit/lighted | lit/lighted |
lose | lost | lost |
make | made | made |
may | might | - |
mean | meant | meant |
meet | met | met |
melt | melted | molten/melted |
mistake | mistook | mistaken |
pay | paid | paid |
pen | pent/penned | pent/penned |
plead | pled/pleaded | pled/pleaded |
prove | proved | proven/proved |
put | put | put |
quit | quit/quitted | quit/quitted |
read | read | read |
rid | rid/ridded | rid/ridded |
ride | rode | riden |
ring | rang | rung |
rise | rose | risen |
run | ran | run |
saw | sawed | sawn/sawed |
say | said | said |
see | saw | sawn |
seek | sought | sought |
sell | sold | sold |
send | sent | sent |
set | set | set |
sew | sewed | sewn/sewed |
shake | shook | shaken |
shall | should | - |
shed | shed | shed |
shine | shone | shone |
shit | shit/shitted/shat | shit/shitted/shat |
shoot | shot | shot |
show | showed | shown/showed |
shrink | shrank/shrunk | shrunk |
shut | shut | shut |
sing | sang | sung |
sink | sank | sunk |
sit | sat | sat |
slay | slew | slain |
sleep | slept | slept |
slide | slid | slid |
sling | slung | slung |
slink | slunk | slunk |
slit | slit | slit |
smell | smelt/smelled | smelt/smelled |
smite | smote | smitten |
sneak | sneaked/(American English: snuck) | sneaked/(American English: snuck) |
sow | sowed | sown/sowed |
speak | spoke | spoken |
speed | sped/speeded | sped/speeded |
spell | spelt/spelled | spelt/spelled |
spend | spent | spent |
spill | spilt/spilled | spilt/spilled |
spin | spun | spun |
spit | spat | spat |
split | split | split |
spread | spread | spread |
spring | sprang/sprung | sprung |
stand | stood | stood |
steal | stole | stolen |
stick | stuck | stuck |
sting | stung | stung |
stink | stank/stunk | stunk |
strew | strewed | strewn |
stride | strode | stridden |
strike | struck | struck |
string | strung | strung |
strive | strove | striven |
swear | swore | sworn |
sweat | sweat/sweated | sweat/sweated |
sweep | swept | swept |
swell | swelled | swollen/swelled |
swim | swam | swum |
swing | swung | swung |
take | took | taken |
teach | taught | taught |
tear | tore | torn |
tell | told | told |
think | thought | thought |
throw | threw | thrown |
thrust | thrust | thrust |
tread | trod | trodden |
understand | understood | understood |
undertake | undertook | undertaken |
wake | woke/waked | woken/waked |
wear | wore | worn |
wed | wed/wedded | wed/wedded |
weep | wept | wept |
wet | wet/wetted | wet/wetted |
win | won | won |
wind | wound | wound |
wreak | wrought/wreaked | wrought/wreaked |
wring | wrung | wrung |
write | wrote | written |
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