Many of the most common main verbs in English are irregular. This means that they form their past tense form and past participle form in a different way from the regular -ed ending.
Most auxilliary verbs in English are irregular.
List of some irregular verbs:
| Present | Past | Past participle |
|---|---|---|
| alight | alit/alighted | alit/alighted |
| arise | arose | arisen |
| awake | awoke | awoken |
| be (am/is/are) | was/were | been |
| bear | bore | borne |
| beat | beat | beat |
| become | became | become |
| begin | began | begun |
| bend | bent | bent |
| bet | bet/betted | bet/betted |
| bid | bid/bade | bid/bidden |
| bide | bade/bided | bided |
| bind | bound | bound |
| bite | bit | betten |
| bleed | bled | bled |
| bless | blest/blessed | blest/blessed |
| blow | blew | blown |
| break | broke | broken |
| breed | bred | bred |
| bring | brought | brought |
| broadcast | broadcast/broadcasted | broadcast/broadcasted |
| build | built | built |
| burn | burnt/burned | burnt/burned |
| buy | bought | bought |
| can | could | no participle (been able to)* |
| cast | cast | cast |
| catch | caught | caught |
| choose | chose | chosen |
| cling | clung | clung |
| come | came | come |
| cost | cost | cost |
| creep | crept | crept |
| crow | crowed | crew/crowed |
| cut | cut | cut |
| dig | dug | dug |
| do | did | done |
| draw | drew | drawn |
| dream | dreamt/dreamed | dreamt/dreamed |
| drink | drank | drunk |
| drive | drove | driven |
| dwell | dwelt/dwelled | dwelt/dwelled |
| fall | fell | fallen |
| feed | fed | fed |
| feel | felt | felt |
| find | found | found |
| flee | fled | fled |
| fly | flew | flown |
| forbid | forbade | forbidden |
| forecast | forecast, forecasted | forecast, forecasted |
| forget | forgot | forgotten |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven |
| forsake | forsook | forsaken |
| freeze | froze | frozen |
| get | got | got (American English: gotten) |
| give | gave | given |
| go | went | gone |
| grind | ground | ground |
| grip | gript/gripped | gript/gripped |
| grow | grew | grown |
| hang | hung/hanged | hung/hanged |
| have | had | had |
| hear | heard | heard |
| hide | hid | hidden |
| hit | hit | hit |
| hold | held | held |
| hurt | hurt | hurt |
| keep | kept | kept |
| kneel | knelt/kneeled | knelt/kneeled |
| knit | knit/knitted | knit/knitted |
| know | knew | known |
| lay | laid | laid |
| lead | led | led |
| leap | leapt/leaped | leapt/leaped |
| learn | earnt/learned | earnt/learned |
| leave | left | left |
| lend | lent | lent |
| let | let | let |
| lie | lay | lain |
| light | lit/lighted | lit/lighted |
| lose | lost | lost |
| make | made | made |
| may | might | - |
| mean | meant | meant |
| meet | met | met |
| melt | melted | molten/melted |
| mistake | mistook | mistaken |
| pay | paid | paid |
| pen | pent/penned | pent/penned |
| plead | pled/pleaded | pled/pleaded |
| prove | proved | proven/proved |
| put | put | put |
| quit | quit/quitted | quit/quitted |
| read | read | read |
| rid | rid/ridded | rid/ridded |
| ride | rode | riden |
| ring | rang | rung |
| rise | rose | risen |
| run | ran | run |
| saw | sawed | sawn/sawed |
| say | said | said |
| see | saw | sawn |
| seek | sought | sought |
| sell | sold | sold |
| send | sent | sent |
| set | set | set |
| sew | sewed | sewn/sewed |
| shake | shook | shaken |
| shall | should | - |
| shed | shed | shed |
| shine | shone | shone |
| shit | shit/shitted/shat | shit/shitted/shat |
| shoot | shot | shot |
| show | showed | shown/showed |
| shrink | shrank/shrunk | shrunk |
| shut | shut | shut |
| sing | sang | sung |
| sink | sank | sunk |
| sit | sat | sat |
| slay | slew | slain |
| sleep | slept | slept |
| slide | slid | slid |
| sling | slung | slung |
| slink | slunk | slunk |
| slit | slit | slit |
| smell | smelt/smelled | smelt/smelled |
| smite | smote | smitten |
| sneak | sneaked/(American English: snuck) | sneaked/(American English: snuck) |
| sow | sowed | sown/sowed |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| speed | sped/speeded | sped/speeded |
| spell | spelt/spelled | spelt/spelled |
| spend | spent | spent |
| spill | spilt/spilled | spilt/spilled |
| spin | spun | spun |
| spit | spat | spat |
| split | split | split |
| spread | spread | spread |
| spring | sprang/sprung | sprung |
| stand | stood | stood |
| steal | stole | stolen |
| stick | stuck | stuck |
| sting | stung | stung |
| stink | stank/stunk | stunk |
| strew | strewed | strewn |
| stride | strode | stridden |
| strike | struck | struck |
| string | strung | strung |
| strive | strove | striven |
| swear | swore | sworn |
| sweat | sweat/sweated | sweat/sweated |
| sweep | swept | swept |
| swell | swelled | swollen/swelled |
| swim | swam | swum |
| swing | swung | swung |
| take | took | taken |
| teach | taught | taught |
| tear | tore | torn |
| tell | told | told |
| think | thought | thought |
| throw | threw | thrown |
| thrust | thrust | thrust |
| tread | trod | trodden |
| understand | understood | understood |
| undertake | undertook | undertaken |
| wake | woke/waked | woken/waked |
| wear | wore | worn |
| wed | wed/wedded | wed/wedded |
| weep | wept | wept |
| wet | wet/wetted | wet/wetted |
| win | won | won |
| wind | wound | wound |
| wreak | wrought/wreaked | wrought/wreaked |
| wring | wrung | wrung |
| write | wrote | written |

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